進口離心管道泵(美國進口品牌)

工作原理：

作圓周運動的物體受到離心力的作用，如果向心力不足或失去向心力，物體由于慣性就會沿圓周的切線方向飛出，形成所謂的離心運動，管道離心泵就是利用這種慣性離心運動而進行工作的。
給水排水工程中常用的單級管道離心泵的基本構造示意圖。它主要的工作部件是葉輪1、蝸形泵殼2和帶動葉輪旋轉的泵軸3。蝸形泵殼的吸水口與水泵的吸水管4相連，出水口與水泵的壓水管7相連。具有彎曲形葉片的葉輪安裝在固定不動的泵殼內，葉輪的進口與水泵吸水管道相通。在開始抽水前，泵內和吸水管中先充滿水。當動力機通過泵軸帶動葉輪高速旋轉時，葉輪中的水隨著葉輪一起高速旋轉，由于水的內聚力和葉片與水之間的摩擦力不足以形成維持水流作旋轉運動的向心力，葉輪中水流逐漸向葉輪外緣流去，被甩出葉輪進人泵殼，再經擴散錐管流人水泵的壓水管，由壓水管道輸送到管網中去。與此同時，葉輪中心處由于水被甩出而形成真空，吸水池水面作用著大氣壓強，吸水管中的水在此壓差的作用下，沿吸水管*地流入葉輪，葉輪的連續旋轉，水被不斷地甩出和吸入，就形成了離心泵的連續輸水。
管道離心泵的工作過程，實際上是一個能量傳遞和轉換的過程。它把動力機的機械能轉換為被輸送流體的動能和壓能。在這個能量的傳遞和轉換過程中，必然伴隨著諸多的能量損失，這種損失越大，工作效率越低，該泵的性能就越差。

泵殼功能：

管道離心泵的泵殼是包容和輸送液體的蝸殼形。它由泵蓋和蝸形體組成。泵蓋為泵的吸入室，其作用是將吸水管中的水以小的損失均勻地引向葉輪。按結構吸入室可分為直錐形吸人室、環形吸人室和半螺旋形吸人室。蝸形體由蝸室和擴散錐管組成。蝸室的主要作用是匯集葉輪甩出的水流并借助其過水斷面的不斷增大來保持蝸室中水流速度為一常數，以減少水頭損失。水由蝸室排出后，經擴散錐管流人壓力管。擴散錐管的作用是降低水流的速度，把水流的部分動能轉換為壓能。
泵殼的進、出水接管法蘭處各有一鉆孔，用以安裝量測泵進口和出口壓力的真空表和壓力表。泵殼頂部設有灌水（或抽氣）孔，以便在水泵啟動前用來充水或抽走泵殼內空氣。泵殼底部設有放水孔，用以停泵后放空泵內積水，防止冬季結凍。泵殼底部設有與基礎固定用的螺栓孔。除固定水泵的螺栓孔外，其他螺孔在水泵運行中暫時不用時，需用帶螺紋的絲堵堵住。
在上述零件中，管道離心泵葉輪和泵軸是立式離心泵的轉動部件，泵殼是固定部件。這兩者之間有三個交接處：泵軸與泵殼之間的軸封裝置、葉輪與泵殼內壁接縫處的減漏環、泵軸與泵座之間轉動連接處的軸承。

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(Arcadia, USA)

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